Category Archives: Prosthodontics

Prosthodontics, Restorative and aesthetic dentistry

Enamel Defects During Orthodontic Treatment

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Stavroula Sarafopoulou1, Anastasios A. Zafeiriadis2, Apostolos I. Tsolakis3

1 Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
2 Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
3 National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece

First Online: 
19 Jun 2018
Page Count: 
64–73
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.2478/bjdm-2018-0012

Summary

Background/Aim: Orthodontic treatment has an inherent potential for causing defects to enamel in the course of bonding and debonding procedures, interproximal enamel stripping and induce the presence of white spot lesions, enamel discoloration or wear. The aim of this study is to present the stages of orthodontic therapy associated with potential damage to enamel and list the enamel alterations observed in each stage.

Material and Methods: A literature search was carried out in MEDLINEPubMed database for papers published up to and including February 2015.

Results: Enamel loss is induced by cleaning with abrasives before etching, the acid etching process itself, forcibly removing brackets, and mechanical removal of composite remnants with rotary instruments. Loss of enamel or topographic changes in the form of cracks, scarring and scratches may occur. Clinicians may cause structural damage of enamel by interproximal enamel stripping. Additionally, the enamel surface may become demineralized due to plaque accumulation around the orthodontic attachments. Additional complications are enamel color alterations due to its microstructural modifications or discoloration of adhesive remnants and enamel wear due to contact with the brackets of the opposing teeth.

Conclusions: Therapeutic procedures performed in the course of orthodontic treatment may cause irreversible physical damage to the outermost enamel. To avoid this, the orthodontic practitioner should take great care in every stage of the treatment and manage the enamel surface conservatively. Moreover, patients should follow an effective oral hygiene regimen. Given these conditions enamel damage during orthodontic therapy is eliminated and longevity of the dentition is promoted.

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Prosthodontics

The Rieger Syndrome: a Case Report with Unusual Dental Findings

[btn url=”http://balkandentaljournal.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/10-The-Rieger-Syndrome-a-Case-Report-with-Unusual-Dental-Findings.pdf” text_color=”#ffffff” bg_color=”#81d742″ icon=”fa-file-pdf-o” icon_position=”start” size=”14″ id=”” target=”NewWindow”]Download Article[/btn]

Smaragda Kavadia1, Konstantinos Antoniades2, Eleni Markovitsi1, Eleftherios G. Kaklamanos3

1 Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessalonki, Greece
2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessalonki, Greece
3 Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

Summary

Background/Aim: The Rieger syndrome is a rare, autosomal dominant and phenotypically variable disorder, characterized by abnormalities of the anterior chamber of the eye, coincident with missing or misshapen teeth. Case report: This report features a case of the Rieger syndrome associated with bilateral cleft lip and palate and a severe open bite, findings not usually reported in association with this condition. Conclusions: The findings described in the present case of Rieger syndrome are unusual and expand the spectrum of manifestations of the condition.

Keywords: Rieger Syndrome; Hypodontia; Iridogoniodysgenesis; Cleft Lip And Palate

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Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine, Volume 22, Issue 1, Pages 53–56, ISSN (Online) 2335-0245,DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/bjdm-2018-0010.

Implants, Prosthodontics

Biomechanical Outcomes of Tooth-Implant-Supported Fixed Partial Prostheses (FPPs) in Periodontally Healthy Patients using Root Shape Dental Implants

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1 / Argirios Pissiotis2

1Postgraduate student, Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi (YSMU), Armenia
2School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

Summary

Background: Connecting an osseointegrated implant and a natural tooth is a treatment alternative for partially edentulous patients in some clinical situations. The main issue of a connected tooth-implant system is derived from the dissimilar mobility patterns of the osseointegrated fixtures and natural abutments causing potential biomechanical problems within the entire system. Purpose: The aim of this review was to multilaterally analyze and discuss the main biomechanical factors that may question the reliability of splinted tooth-implant system and the long-term success of fixed partial prostheses (FPPs) supported by both teeth and implants with an emphasis on the disparity of mobility of these two different abutments.

Material and methods: An electronic MEDLINE (PubMed) search supplemented by manual searching was performed to retrieve relevant articles. An assessment of the identified studies was performed, the most valuable articles were selected and biomechanical outcomes of tooth-implant splinting system were analyzed.

Results: 3D FEM stress analyses and photoelastic studies show uneven load distribution between the tooth and the implant and stress concentration in the crestal bone around the implant neck when connected to a natural tooth by FPPs. However, clinical studies demonstrate good results for both the implants and FPPs supported by splinted implant-to-tooth abutments.

Conclusion: Connecting implants to natural teeth is not a preferable treatment option because of possible inherent biomechanical complications. Whenever possible, this treatment option should be avoided.

Keywords: Tooth-Implant Supported Prostheses; Natural Tooth; Osseointegrated Dental Implant; Occlusal Force; Finite Element Analysis; Rigid Connector; Non-Rigid Connector

References

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Citation Information: Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine. Volume 21, Issue 1, Pages 1–11, ISSN (Online) 2335-0245, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/bjdm-2017-0001, March 2017
Oral and maxillofacial surgery, Prosthodontics

Preprosthetic Laser Assisted Mandibular Vestibuloplasty

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1 / O. Dimitrovski2 / D. Popovic Monevska3

1Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Surgery, Skopje, FYROM, Slavejko Arsov 30½ 1000 Skopje,Macedonia (the former Yugoslav Republic of)
2Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Surgery, Skopje, FYROM,Macedonia (the former Yugoslav Republic of)
3Faculty of Dentistry Department of Maxillofacial Surgery Skopje, FYROM,Macedonia (the former Yugoslav Republic of)

Summary

A prosthetic treatment of the edentulous mandible can be very challenging. In cases with inadequate buccal depth, a necessary deepening of the oral vestibule can be achieved by surgically detaching the soft tissue attachments. A preprosthetic vestibuloplasty is usually done surgically by scalpel. With the permanent advancement of laser technology, a laser vestibuloplasty has become a preferred surgical procedure. The aim of this report was to present individuality of a mandible vestibuloplasty performed with Er.YAG laser.

A 69-year-old patient was referred to the University Department of oral surgery after several previous unsuccessful attempts to stabilize his lower denture. The intraoral assessment revealed complete mandibular edentulism and a shallow vestibule with sufficient bone height in the anterior region. Since the patient’s financial resources precluded dental implants, mandible anterior vestibuloplasty was planned to deepen the vestibule thus increasing the anatomic basis for prosthetic rehabilitation. The vestibuloplasty was performed with Er-Yag Laser (Fotona Fidelis III). The laser ablation started at the mucogingival junction. The soft tissue bands were ablated layer by layer till the desired vestibular depth was achieved. There was no need for suturing. No protective barrier was placed. The postoperative recovery was symptomless, without pain, oedema, or signs of infection. Four weeks after surgery, the healing process was completed and sufficient anterior vestibular depth was gained and maintained. Er.YAG laser assisted vestibuloplasty was a minimally invasive surgical procedure. The fast healing with minimal scarring resulted and a sufficient vestibular depth was gained.

Keywords: Mandibular Vestibuloplasty; Er.Yag Laser; Preprosthetic Surgery

References

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Citation Information: Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine. Volume 20, Issue 3, Pages 182–185, ISSN (Online) 2335-0245, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/bjdm-2016-0030, November 2016
Dental materials, Prosthodontics

Investigation of Antioxidant Capacity of Several Luting Cements Processes by HPMC Method

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1 / Kosovka Obradović-Đuričić2 / Vesna Medic2 / Srđan Poštić2 / Stanislava Z Gorjanović3 / Ferenc Pastor4 / Katarina Radović2

1School of Dental Medicine, Endodont. Dpt., Belgrade University, Rankeova 4, Belgrade,Serbia
2School of Dental Medicine, Prosthodont. Dpt., Belgrade University,Serbia
3Institute of General and Physical Chemistry,Serbia
4Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade,Serbia

Summary

Background: Free radicals (FR) occur in oral cavity where lot of food was transferred to through entire life under specific saliva conditions. Many enzymes, microorganism, alcohol beverages, nicotine and other harmful or indifferent substances when in contact to oral tissues might provoke oxidation process under specific condition creating FRʼs. The similar role might have various dental materials.

Aim: Of the study was to record the level of antioxidant (AO) activity of several permanent (P) luting cements alone or combined with quercetin AO substance.

Materials/Methods: P cements were Zn-phosphate, Zn-polycarboxilate, GIC and composite resin cement. They were prepared as original prescription and their variant by 1%weight addition of quercetin. AO activity of cements was measured by HPMC test evaluated by Student t test.

Results: There were statistically significant differences among Zn-phosphate, Zn-polycarboxilate and resin dental cements (p ˃ 0,05). GIC displayed significantly higher AO values (p < 0,01) versus other three cements. There were no difference in AO capacity between sample of original P cements and their corresponding quercetin variants (p ˃ 0,05).

Conclusions: Conventional GIC displayed the most powerful AO activity among P luting cements. Addition of 1% antioxidant quercetin did not improve AO capacity of investigated cements.

Keywords: Antioxidant; Antioxidant capacity; Free radicals; Luting cement; Glass ionomer cement; Eugenol; Quercetin; Flavone

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  16. Trumpaite-Vanagiene R, Bukelskiene V, Alekseyuniene J, Puriene A, Baltriukiene D, Rutkunas V. Cytotoxicity of coming cements – an in vitro study. Dent Mater J, 2015; 34:294-301. [Crossref]
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Citation Information: Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine. Volume 20, Issue 3, Pages 155–159, ISSN (Online) 2335-0245, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/bjdm-2016-0025, November 2016
Prosthodontics

Preparation Junctions For All-Ceramic CAD/CAM Crown And Bridge Restorations

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1

1Department of Prosthetic Dentistry Faculty of Dental Medicine Medical University Plovdiv, 3 Chr. Botev Blvd., Plovdiv, 4000 Bulgaria

Summary

Background: The preparation junction type is determined by a number of factors that need to be taken in consideration with CAD/CAM Fixed Prosthodontics: the used material; the condition of the retainer teeth, their periodontium and the occlusion; the design software and the type of drills; the working protocol; the cement and the method of cementation.

The aim: of this article is to describe the optimal preparation junctions for CAD/CAM crown and bridge restorations made by ceramics based on zirconium dioxide and the basic factors that affect them.

Materials and methods: Chamfer and radial shoulder preparation junctions are suitable (width 1 – 1, 5 mm). Trimming of 1, 5-2 mm dental tissues is necessary on the occlusal surface. The homothetic tooth reduction is optimal. The surface has to be smooth and the edges rounded.

Results: The preparation width depends on the size and vitality of the tooth. In stained teeth the removal of more tissues provides a greater volume needed for masking the dark color. Vestibular preparation under the level of the gingiva is preferable to ensure optimal aesthetics. The preparation junction is determined also by the CAD/CAM software abilities, the type of drills and protocol of impression taking (classical or digital). The creation of a working model with an intraoral scanner is greatly facilitated by preparations above the gingival margin.

Conclusions: Knowledge about the criteria for selection of preparation junctions is essential for fabrication of accurate and aesthetic CAD/CAM restorations.

Keywords: preparation junctions; CAD/CAM; all-ceramic crown and bridge restorations

References

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Citation Information: Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine. Volume 20, Issue 2, Pages 122–125, ISSN (Online) 2335-0245, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/bjdm-2016-0020, July 2016
Prosthodontics

Fracture Resistance of Composite Veneers with Different Preparation Designs

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1 / Ljuben Guguvcevski2 / Risto Popovski3 / Cena Dimova4 / Ana Minovska4 / Aneta Mijoska2

1Faculty of Medical Sciences–Dental medicine University “GoceDelcev” Stip, KrsteMisirkov bb, 2000 Stip, FYROM
2Department for Prosthodontic Faculty of Stomatology University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius” Skopje, FYROM
3Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences University “GoceDelcev” Stip, FYROM
4Faculty of Medical Sciences–Dental medicine University “GoceDelcev” Stip, FYROM

Summary

Background: The aim of this in vitro study was to examine the fracture load of composite veneers using three different preparation designs. Material and methods: Fifteen extracted, intact, human maxillary central incisors were selected. Teeth were divided into three groups with different preparation design: 1) feather preparation, 2) bevel preparation, and 3) incisal overlap- palatal chamfer. Teeth were restored with composite veneers, and the specimens were loaded to failure. The localization of the fracture was recorded as incisal, gingival or combined. Results: Composite veneers with incisal overlap – palatal chamfer showed higher fracture resistance compared to feather preparation and bevel preparation. The mean (SD) fracture loads were: Group 1: 100.6±8.0 N, Group 2: 107.4±6.8 N, and Group 3: 122.0±8.8 N. The most common mode of failure was debonding for veneers with feather preparation and fracture when incisal edge is reduced. The most frequent localization of fracture was incisal. Conclusion: The type of preparation has a significant effect on fracture load for composite veneers. This study indicates that using an incisal overlap- palatal chamfer preparation design significantly increases the fracture resistance compared to feather and bevel preparation designs.

Keywords: composite veneers; preparation design; fracture resistance

References

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Citation Information: Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine. Volume 20, Issue 2, Pages 99–103, ISSN (Online) 2335-0245, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/bjdm-2016-0016, July 2016
Prosthodontics

Midline Diastema Closure with Partial Laminate Veneers: A Case Report

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1 / Bora Bagis2

1Izmir Katip Celebi Univeristy Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics Izmir, Aydınlık Evler Mahallesi, Cemil Meriç Caddesi 6780 Sokak. No: 48 35640-Çiğli/Izmir, Turkey
2Izmir Katip Celebi Univeristy Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics Izmir, Turkey

Summary

This case report describes a treatment of big diastema with hybrid ceramic restorative material, using chairside CAD/CAM system with veneer technique.

Keywords: Diastema; CAD/CAM; Laminate Veneer

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Citation Information: Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine. Volume 20, Issue 1, Pages 59–62, ISSN (Online) 2335-0245, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/bjdm-2016-0010, April 2016